Compare Tokelau (2002) - Micronesia, Federated States of (2002)

Compare Tokelau (2002) z Micronesia, Federated States of (2002)

	Tokelau (2002)	Micronesia, Federated States of (2002)

Administrative divisions	none (territory of New Zealand)	4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap
Age structure	0-14 years: 42% 15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (1996 est.)	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%
Agriculture - products	coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats	black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens
Airports	none; lagoon landings are possible by amphibious aircraft (2001)	7 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 10 sq km land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 702 sq km land: 702 sq km water: 0 sq km (fresh water only) note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae
Area - comparative	about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)
Background	Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925.	In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	NA births/1,000 population
Budget	revenues: $430,830 expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of $37,300	revenues: $161 million ($69 million less grants) expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)
Capital	none; each atoll has its own administrative center	Palikir
Climate	tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)	tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage
Coastline	101 km	6,112 km
Constitution	administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970	10 May 1979
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Tokelau	conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia conventional short form: none former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands) abbreviation: FSM
Currency	New Zealand dollar (NZD)	US dollar (USD)
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external	$0	$66.5 million
Dependency status	self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution, developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of New Zealand)	chief of mission: Ambassador Larry DINGER embassy: address NA, Kolonia mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of New Zealand)	chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 consulate(s) general: Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	from New Zealand about $4 million annually	under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001
Economy - overview	Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.	Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location and a lack of adequate facilities hinder development. In 1996, the country experienced a 20% reduction in revenues from the Compact of Free Association - the agreement with the US in which Micronesia received $1.3 billion in financial and technical assistance over a 15-year period until 2001. Since these revenues accounted for 57% of consolidated government revenues, reduced Compact funding resulted in a severe depression. Economic activity recovered in 1999-2001. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due to likely further reductions in external grants made under the US Compact funding. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure remain major impediments to long-term growth.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	NA kWh
Electricity - production	NA kWh	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m
Environment - current issues	very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand	overfishing, climate change, pollution
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Polynesian	nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups
Exchange rates	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.3535 (January 2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997)	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by Administrator Lindsay WATT (since NA March 1993) head of government: Aliki Faipule Pio TUIA (since NA 2002) cabinet: the Council of Faipule, consisting of three elected leaders - one from each atoll - functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term	chief of state: President Leo A. FALCAM (since 21 July 1999); Vice President Redley KILLION (since 21 July 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Leo A. FALCAM (since 21 July 1999); Vice President Redley KILLION (since 21 July 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators-at-large for four-year terms; election last held NA May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2003); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed election results: Leo A. FALCAM elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA%; Redley KILLION elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA%
Exports	$98,000 f.o.b. (1983)	$22 million (f.o.b.)
Exports - commodities	stamps, copra, handicrafts	fish, garments, bananas, black pepper
Exports - partners	NZ	Japan, US, Guam
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	1 October - 30 September
Flag description	the flag of New Zealand is used	light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern
GDP	purchasing power parity - $1.5 million (1993 est.)	purchasing power parity - $269 million note: GDP is supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 50% industry: 4% services: 46% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $1,000 (1993 est.)	purchasing power parity - $2,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	2% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	9 00 S, 172 00 W	6 55 N, 158 15 E
Geography - note	consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level	four major island groups totaling 607 islands
Highways	total: NA km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km	total: 240 km paved: 42 km unpaved: 198 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$323,000 c.i.f. (1983)	$149 million f.o.b.
Imports - commodities	foodstuffs, building materials, fuel	food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages
Imports - partners	NZ	US, Australia, Japan
Independence	none (territory of New Zealand)	3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing	tourism, construction, fish processing, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls
Infant mortality rate	38 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	NA deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	2.5% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	SPC, UNESCO (associate), WHO (associate)	ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IFRCS (associate), IMF, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau	Supreme Court
Labor force	NA	NA
Labor force - by occupation	-	two-thirds are government employees
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile) permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)	arable land: 5.71% permanent crops: 45.71% other: 48.58% (1998 est.)
Languages	Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English	English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi
Legal system	New Zealand and local statutes	based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Legislative branch	unicameral General Fono (48 seats; members chosen by each atoll's Council of Elders or Taupulega to serve three-year terms); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono	unicameral Congress (14 seats; members elected by popular vote; four - one elected from each state - to serve four-year terms and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population - to serve two-year terms) elections: elections for four-year term seats last held 2 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2003); elections for two-year term seats last held 6 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2003) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: 68 years (2001) female: 70 years (2001)	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years
Literacy	NA	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 89% male: 91% female: 88% (1980 est.)
Location	Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand	Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia
Map references	Oceania	Oceania
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	none note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: United States 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand	Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense
National holiday	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)	Constitution Day, 10 May (1979)
Nationality	noun: Tokelauan(s) adjective: Tokelauan	noun: Micronesian(s) adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese
Natural hazards	lies in Pacific typhoon belt	typhoons (June to December)
Natural resources	NEGL	forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders	none	no formal parties
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	-
Population	1,431 (July 2002 est.)	135,869 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	-0.92% (2002 est.)	NA% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only	Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen
Radio broadcast stations	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA note: each atoll has a radio broadcast station of unknown type that broadcasts shipping and weather reports (1998)	AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	1,000 (1997)	9,400 (1996)
Railways	0 km	0 km (2003)
Religions	Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2% note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant	Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%
Sex ratio	NA	NA
Suffrage	21 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established in 1997	general assessment: adequate system domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	11,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (2001)	newly installed in Pohnpei and Yap
Television broadcast stations	-	2 (1997)
Terrain	low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons	islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Truk
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate	NA%	16% (1999 est.)
Waterways	none	none

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